Oiling and dressing fibers



Patented Dec. 25, 1934 UNITED STAT onine AND DRESSING FIBERS Joseph Nncsslein and Heinrich Ulrich, Ludwlgshafen on the Rhine,

Germany, assignors to I. G. Farbenindustrie Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany No Drawing.

Application November 13, 1930,

Serial No. 495,417. In Germany November 18,

21 Claims.

The present invention relates to oiling and dressing fibers.

Hitherto either fats, oils or acids of fats or mineral oils or mixtures of these agents have been employed for the oiling of fibers in the preparatory operations for spinning and similar mechanical operations for the manufacture and production of textiles. Soap solutions are also used for many purposes. In order to produce results free from objection and to avoid difliculties during the improving process, it is necessary to remove the oils from-the materials again by saponification or emulsification while employing washing agents, chiefly soaps. In .most cases alkalies are also used. This process saves a series of dangers especially for the treatment of wool but injury to the fibers-by alkali is easily possible. Hard water readily forms calcium soaps with the soaps employed or formed during the saponification, and soap residues stubbornly retained by the fibers may giverise to injury when dyeing or carboniz- We have now found that the objections of oiling and dressing with the said agents are avoided and a much more efficient and, for many purposes, more suitable impregnation is effected by treating. the fibrousmaterial before mechanically working it, especially before spinning, with non-coloring condensation products, i. e. esters, amides or ester-amides, or salts thereof, of alkylolamines with high molecular organic acids, such as carboxylic acids, containing at least '7 carbon atoms,

sulphonic acids'or sulphonated carboxylic acids. As examples of suitable alkylol amines may be mentioned mono-, diand tri-ethanolamine, propanolamine, hydroxyethylaniline, cyclohexyl diethanolamine, monoethanol ethylenetetramine or acid amides thereof, hydroxyethyl morpholine and the conversion products of these amines with aldehydes, such as from acetaldehyde and mono-. ethanol amine oleic ester or mixtures of these amines. As suitable acids .more side chains of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic nature, sulphonic acids of cycloaliphatic-aromatic or heterocyclic substances and the like such as itlliiose of tetrahydronaphthalene, pyridine and the The condensation products of the alkylol, amines with the acids specified may be esters or amides'or, when a suificient quantity of acid has been employed they may be ester amides in which the hydroxyl as well as the amino group of the alkylol amine employed is esterified and respectively amidated as is explained in applicants copending application Serial No. 340,015 filed February 14, 1929.

In addition to the acid radicles hereinbefore specified, one or more radicles of other organic or inorganic acids of low molecular weight, as for example sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, tartaric acid, glycolic acid, and the like may be present in the esters, amides or ester-amides and/or may form salts of the condensation'' products.

The said substances, which have an oily to fatty character, may be employed either as such or in the emulsified form, for example in the form of aqueous emulsions containing from 2 to 30 per cent of the condensation products, which may be incorporated with compatible emulsifying agents, i. e. those of oily or fatty nature, as for example soaps, Turkey red oils of any type, protective colloids and the like. Moreover, other additions, such as oiling additions, such as olive oil, olein or mineral oils and/or organic solvents and diluents, may be madeto alter the viscosity or to improve the emulsability.

The advantage of employing the said condensation products lies in the fact that the said esters, amides or ester-amides are capable of forming'water-soluble' saltswith acids, so that withwithout the employment of soaps and alkalies.

They produce thereby anintensive foam and have themselves a considerable washing action in acid solutions, so that mixtures of the substances hereinbefore described with fatty oils, oleic acids or mineral oils and the like, may also be employed for greasing.

The following examples will further illustrate the nature of this invention, but the invention is not restricted to these examples. The parts are by weight.

Example 1 100 parts of loose wool are sprayed with 3 parts of a condensation product from mono-hydroxy- Example 2 106 parts of wool are sprayed with 5 parts of the ester prepared from 1 molecular proportion of tri-hydroxyethyl amine with 1 molecular pro portion each of oleic acid and oleic acid sulphonic acid employed.

acid, and are worked up in the manner usually employed for felting in the hatindustry. A spe-. cial washing is not necessary because during the acid felting process the condensation product employed is removed from the fibers by the sulphuric Examplet" 100 parts of rags of wool or cotton or of a mix ture of both are sprayed with 10.parts of an esteramide prepared from 1 molecular proportion of mono-hydroxy ethyl ethylene-tetramine and 2 molecular proportions of oleic acid; they may then be torn and further worked up in the usual manner for spinning which latter process is rendered very easy and-furnishes a very good yarn. .Whatweclaimis;

- 1. As new articles of manufacture fibers having a coating of an amide of a hydroxy ethyl amine with oleic-acid.

2. The process of oiling and dressing fibers,-

' which comprises treating fibers with a non-cob ouring condensation product of an alkylol-amine withan aliphatic carboxylic'acid containing at least learbon atoms, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting ofamides,

esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides.

- 3. The process of oiling and dressing fibers, which comprises treating fibers with an aqueous emulsion of a non-colouring condensation product of an alkylol amine withan aliphatic carboxylic acid containing at least '7' carbon atoms,

, said condensation-product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides.

4. The process' of oiling and dressing fibers,

which comprisestreating fibers with an aqueous emulsion of a non-colouring condensation product of an alkylol amine with an aliphatic sulphonic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides.

5,-The process of oiling and dressing fibers, which'comprises treating fibers with an aqueous emulsion of, a non-coloring condensation product of an alkylol amine with an aliphatic sulphonated carbox'ylic acid containing at least '7 carbon atoms,

said condensatio productbeing selected from the class consistin 0t amides, esters, ester amides and salts ofamides, esters and ester amides.

6.-The process of oiling and dressing fibers, which comprises treating fibers with an aqueous emulsion of anon-colouring condensation product of a hydroxy ethyl amine with a carboxylic acid containing .at least.'7 carbon atoms, of the type of the fatty acids of vegetable oils and fats,

said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and -s'al'tsof amides, esters and ester amides.

'7.- 'Tlie'lprocess- ,offioiling and dressing .fibers, which comprises treating fibers with an aqueous emulsion of anon-colouring condensation product of a hydroxy ethyl amine with a carboxylic acid -containingat least '7 carbon atoms, of the type' of the fattyacidsofvegetable pils.and fats and with "an aliphatic sulphonic acidcontaining atleast '7 carbon atoms, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides. '8. The process of oiling and dressing fibers, which comprises treating fibers with an aqueous emulsion of a non-colouring condensation product of ,a hydroxy'ethyl amine with oleic acid, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides.

9. The process of oiling and dressing fibers, which comprises treating fibers with an' aqueous emulsion of an amide of a hydroxy ethyl amine with oleic acid.

10. The process of oiling and dressing fibers, v

which comprises treating fibers with an aqueous emulsion ofan ester amide of a hydroxy ethyl amin in which'ester amide the hydroxy group of the original hydroxyethyl amine is esterified with. oleic acid, and a hydrogen atom connected to the nitrogen atom of the original hydroxyethyl amine is substituted by an aliphatic sulphonic radicle-containing at least '7 carbon atoms.

11. The process of oiling and dressing fibers which comprises treating fibers with a non-colouring condensation product of an alkylol amine with an aliphatic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides.

12. The process of oiling and dressing fibers which comprises treating fibers with an aqueous emulsion of a non-colouring condensation product of an alkylol amine with .an aliphatic acid containing at least '7 carbon atoms, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides.

13. As new articles of manufacture fibers having a coating of a non-colouringcondensation product of an alkylol amine with an aliphatic acid containing at least '7 carbon atoms, said condensation product being selected-from the class consisting of amides, esters, esteramides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides.

. 14. As new articles of manufacture fibers having a coating of a non-colouring condensation product of an alkylol amine with an aliphatic acid containing at least '7 carbon atoms, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts amides, and of another of amides, esters and ester oiling agent. v

15. As new articles of manufacture fibers having a coating of a non-colouringcondensation product of an alkylol amine with'an aliphatic carboxylic acid containing at least '7 carbon atoms,

said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of. amides, esters and ester amides.

16. As new articles of manufacture fibers having a coating of a non-colouring condensation product of an alkylol amine with ana'liphatic sul phonic ing a coating of boxylic acid containing at isomer acid containing a least '1 carbon atoms, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides.

17. As new articles of manufacture fibers having a coating of a nonrcolouring condensation product of an alkylol amine with an aliphatic sulphonated carboxylic acid containing at least- 7 carbon atoms, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides.

18. As new articles of manufacture fibers havanon-colouring condensation product of a hydroxyethyl amine with a carleast 'Tcarbon atoms. obtainable from vegetable oils and fats, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides. e 19. As new articles of manufacture fibers having a coating of a non-colouring condensation product of a hydroxyethyl amine with a carboxylic '7 carbon atoms, obtainacid containing at least able from-vegetable oils and fats, and with an aliphatic sulphonic acid containing atleast '1 carbon atoms, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides.

-20. As new articles or manufacture fibers having a coating of a non-colouring condensation product of a hydroxyethyl amine with oleic acid, said condensation product being selected from the class consisting of amides, esters, ester amides and salts of amides, esters and ester amides.

21. As new articles of manufacture fibers having a. coating or an ester amide of a hydroxyethyl amine, in which ester amide the hydroxy group of the original hydroxyethyl amine is esterifled with oleic acid, and a hSdrogen atom connected to'the nitrogen atom of the original hydroxyethyl amine is substituted by an aliphatic sulphonic radicle containing at least 7 carbon 20' atoms.

' JOSEPH NUESSLEIN.

HEINRICH ULRICH. 

